The Beginning of Modern Indian Industry


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

The Beginning of Modern Indian Industry

In India, the modern industrial sector on an organised pattern started with the establishment of cotton textile industry in Bombay in 1854 with predominantly Indian capital and enterprise. In 1855, jute industry was started in the Hooghly valley at Rishra near Kolkata, largely with foreign capital and enterprise.

The Beginning of Modern Indian Industry: Large-scale industries required large-scale movement of raw materials and finished products. For this, modern and efficient means of transport and communication were needed. India lacked both. So the British started building roads and railways across the country, linking the places which were sources of raw materials with the places of manufacture and the places of consumption. Steam navigation along the rivers was developed. Post and telegraph were introduced to speed up communication. British money was largely invested in factories and mines.

British investors built jute factories in Calcutta and cotton mills in Kanpur. This was followed by metal works, coal mines and oil wells. When World War I broke out in 1914, Britain War importing part of its steel requirements from India .It realised the need to develop industries in India to supplement factories in Britain manufacturing n military equipments. Moreover it was becoming difficult to get their essential supplies from England due to the war. So the British were forced to start factories in 1ndia.

The country’s first large-scale industries were set up in the middle of the 19th century with Bombay being the centre.

The Vandemataram movement started by the extremist Congress leader Bal Gangadhar tilak included the programme of boycott of foreign goods and production of Swadeshi goods. This gave an impetus to start modern industries in India. During the two World Wars the British imports to India were not sufficient to meet the Indian demand.

 

 
 


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